Identity vs. Role Confusion in Psychosocial Development
- This stage covers the period starting from 12 years and ending in 18 years of age. The formation of identity is caused by synthesis of successful self and synthesing again and again from childhood. The integration of identity is caused by specific needs, desired capabilities, important identity, effective and successful role playing. Trust, autonomy initiative and industryjointly contribute to the formation of identity of the child. Rapid physiological changes constructs a new physical structure and along with it there is a pressure on the child of various role. Integration of roles is the main function of this stage. This identity for the adolescent is essential and is appropriate for new needs, skills and goals. If the adolescent in not able to integrate his identify and role, then he faces identity confusion. His personality will be divided. Integration is essential for adolescent in order to learn to integrate the roles of his son, daughter, student, player, friend etc. in the form of meaningful wholeness and also will be able to establish his psychosocial identity. If he fails in doing so he will remain uncertain about himself.
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Important Points of Human Development :-
- Development means proceeding towards more maturity which is not quantitatively measurable but in qualitative change.
- Development in continuous, systematic and sequential.
- In each cell of parents there are 23 chromosoms and these constitute 23 pairs.
- Each choromosom has many genes and each gene determines one or the other trait or characteristic.
- Heredity provides potentialities to develop. These potentialities develop in environment.
- Sigmund Freud propounded psychoanalytic theory and Erikson propounded Psycho social theory which describe the stages of development from birth to adulthood.
Human Development Questions And Answers
1. What is the meaning of heredity?
(A) Sperm and ovam
(B) Chromosomes and genes
(C) Mitosis and Meiosis
(D) DNA and RNA
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Answer :- ( B )
2. Which of the following theory has been propounded by Freud?
(A) Cognitive theory
(B) Psycho-social theory
(C) Stimulus-response theory
(D) Psycho analytic theory
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Answer :- ( D )
3. Who out of the following has propounded psycho-social theory?
(A) Sigmund freud
(B) Erik Erikson
(C) E.B. Hurlock
(D) Not any of these
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Answer :- ( B )