What is a Mixture? – Definition, Properties, Examples & Types

What is Mixture :

• The substance formed by mixing two or more than two elements or compounds in uncertain quantity, is known as a mixture. There is no chemical bonding between its components. Hence they can be separated by simple physical methods for example : air is a mixture, whose components includes N₂ , O₂ , CO₂ , H₂ O etc.

Mixtures can be classified into two types :

1 Homogeneous mixture :

• The mixture in which all the components are in the same stage and phase are known as homogeneous mixtures. For example : air, solution etc.

2 Heterogeneous mixture :

• The mixture in which all the components are in different stage and phase are known as heterogeneous mixtures. For example : Milk, Cloud, Smoke etc.

Important Points :- 

• 1. Water, Air, Stone – all are matter.
• 2. There are primarily three physical states of matter – solid, liquid and gas.
• 3. The information regarding atom was first of all given by Maharshi Kanad.
• 4. Atomism was given by John Dalton.
• 5. Molecules are formed by chemical combination of atoms in a definite proportion.
• 6. Matter is present in the form of element, compound and mixture.
• 7. There are two type of molecules – elemental and compounds.
• 8. Mixture is formed by combining matter in indeterminate or definite proportions.
• 9. Conversion of ice into water is a physical change while breaking of ice molecules into hydrogen (H₂ ) and oxygen (O₂ ) is a chemical change.
• 10. The matter can be purified by crystallisation, distillation, fractional distillation, differential extraction, filteration etc.

Compound Questions-Answers

Q. 1 When did Maharshi Kanad provided information regarding atom?
(a) 500 BC
(b) 100 BC
(c) 460 BC
(d) 1808 AD

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Q. 2 The atomicity of oxygen in ozone is :
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

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Answer : – { C }

Q. 3 Which of the following substance is not solid at room temperature ?
(a) Salt
(b) Alum
(c) Oxygen
(d) Sal ammoniac

Read Also :-   What is Kanad Theory

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Answer : – { C }

Q. 4 The temperature at which liquid changes to solid is known as :
(a) melting point
(b) boiling point
(c) freezing point
(d) condensation temperature

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Answer : – { C }

Q. 5 Which of the following options, is a mixture?
(a) Water
(b) Brass
(c) Iron
(d) Salt

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Answer : – { D }