What is Psychology and Disciplines
- Any disciplines, who study about human, will certainly consider the relevance of the knowledge of psychology. Similarly, psychologist in understanding human behaviour acknowledges the relevance of other disciplines. Researchers and science, social science scholars have experience the significance of psychology as a discipline. Psychology shares it knowledge in understanding human behaviour with other disciplines like Neuro Science, physiology, biology, medicine and computer science. Understanding human behaviour (its meaning, scope and development) in the socio-cultural context, psychology also shares its knowledge with Sociology, Political science and Economics. This was the reason that Interdisciplinary approach took birth in psychology and was gladly welcomed by all psychologists. Some of the disciplines which are linked to psychology are discussed below:
Philosophy:
- It is said that philosophy is the parent of psychology. By the end of the 19th century contemporary psychology is concerned with some things, such as what is the nature of mind or how man knows about his motives and emotions, these things were the interest areas ofphilosophers. Later, in 19th century Wundt and other psychologist used experimental approach to these questions and as a result contemporary psychology emerged. Since the rise of psychology as a science, it takes a lot of things from philosophy, especially method of knowledge and various areas of human behaviour related matters.
Economics, Political Science and sociology:
- As the partners of social science, these three disciplines have received a lot from psychology and even benefitted psychology too. Psychology has created a platform of understanding consumer behaviour and saving behaviour i.e used by economist to predict economic behaviour of individuals decision can be achieved. Elements like cooperation and conflicts in economic behaviour were explained by Thomas Schelling for which he was awarded by Nobel Prize in 2005. Like economics, political science also gained a lot, specially the use of power and domination, the nature of political conflicts and their solutions, and understanding the voting behaviour. Psychology and sociology, along with each other helps in understanding and explaining the individual’s behaviour in socio cultural context. Medicine: Psychology is related to the field of medicine also. Now a days, a lot of physicians or medical doctors before or after treating patients, feel the need ofpsychological counselling. Doctors generally use major psychological theories and modals for Cancer patients and AIDS patients and before and after the major surgery. And for this work they appoint a permanent psychologist or consultant.
Computer Science:
- Since starting, computer tries to experience the human nature. This can be seen by the structure of the computer, its organised memory, sequential and concurrent processing of information, etc. Computer scientist and engineers are not only building intelligent computers rather they are building such machines which are sensible and can realise emotions. Both of these developments have meaningful contributions in the field of cognitive science.
Law and Criminology:
- A skilled lawyer and criminologist use the knowledge of psychology while taking information such as; how can a witness remembers as accident such as Street fighting or killing incident? How much he refers correctly about these facts while delivering for Court Testimony? What are the credible signs of anger and repentence? What should be the limit of penalty for any criminal act? Psychologists try to answer such questions. Now a day, many psychologists are working on such research area which will be very fruitful in making future laws.
Music and Fine Arts:
- Print and electronic means of communication have deeply interned in our lives. They affect our thoughts, emotions and expressions to a larger extent. They have brought us close, as well as the cultural inequalities have also diminished. Psychology helps in developing essential tips for making good and effective communication. Journalist while writing news stories must keep the readers interest in priority. Since, most of the stories are related to human events, it becomes necessary to have the knowledge of their motivators an emotions.
Architecture and Engineering:
- An Architect tries that any of his structure is not dissatisfying individual’s psychology. He always tries to satisfy individual’s interest, habit and curiosity through his creation. Where the area of engineering is concerned, this area had a great impact of Psychology. Engineer while making any machine determines its humanitarian needs, habits and take full care of its features. Thus, Psychology is completely dissolved in these two disciplines.
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Important Points :-
- This chapter of Psychology Consider behaviour as Psychology and gives definition, nature and goals.
- The study of humen behaviour is goal directed Hence Psychology has prusceted discipline measurment, Prediction and control.
- History of Psychology is discribed evolution of Psychology as pre scientific and scientific period.
- Different schools of Psychology explained and stretnitham Functionalism, Gestaff, behaviour nd Psycloanysis.
- Emphasis has been given to evaluation of psychology in India and its relation with other disciplines were discussed as spinal cold because wherever humen being is there, development is also him thats wire is called
I. The origin of the term “Psychology” is from____words
a. Greek
b. Latin
c. Hindi
d. English
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Answer :- A
II. William Wundt established first psychology laboratory in____
a. Cornell University, 1992
b. Harward University, 1892
c. Leipzig University, 1879
d. No one from the above
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Answer :- C
III. Meaning of Psyche is_____
a. Deliberation
b. Study
c. Soul
d. Consciousness
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Answer :- C
IV. Which of these is not amongst the goals of Psychology?
a. Measurement and Description
b. Interpretation
c. Prediction and Control
d. Testing
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Answer :- D
V. “Humans are born with qualities of selfishness, aggressiveness, which are controlled by the society” whose statement is this.
a. Rousseau
b. Spencer
c. Sigmund Freud
d. J.B.Watson
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Answer :- A